You’re using bloom fertilizers and additives hoping for the biggest harvests possible. But you still dream of making your harvest bigger than ever before, so every plant is covered in swollen flowers loaded with aroma and taste.

You want every watt of electricity, every minute of your time, and every dose of nutrients to pay off in jaw-dropping harvests of big buds.


Puts The Big
In Your Bud

  • Flowers Swell Up Faster and Larger

  • Increases Market Value of Harvests

  • Creates More Floral Growth, Higher Quality Flowers
Well there’s good news. Now there’s a bloom booster that’s hydroponics garden-proven to really deliver the biggest buds. And the name says it all: Big Bud.

Other gardeners just like you are using Big Bud and seeing their harvest size increase dramatically, and you can too, right away.

But before you see the inside scoop on exactly how Big Bud gives you bigger harvests than you’re already getting, take a look at the 100% guaranteed results Big Bud gives you:

  • Larger Flowers
  • Heavier Flowers
  • Denser Flowers
  • Protected, Safer Flowers
  • More Budding Sites
  • Better-Formed Flowers
  • Higher Value Flowers
  • More Yield Per Watt
  • Better Return on Investment

 

Building Blocks for Bigger Buds Available Now

Now let’s dive into this harvest-boosting Big Bud formula and see how it provides the building blocks of bigger harvests for you, no matter what nutrients you already use.

One of the main reasons Big Bud produces such large flowers is its 20 amino acids that immediately stimulate every facet of floral production.

"Big Bud Grows HUGE Buds!" Listen to how it works
Not only are these aminos in the right form so they are most easily absorbed by your plants, but they include tryptophan and cysteine, which are the special amino acids most associated with flower growth.

What the heck are amino acids? Oh, they’re just the building blocks of proteins and other important factors that are absolutely essential for plant life, growth and yield, that’s all!

And amino acids are absolutely crucial for floral production. When you use Big Bud during bloom cycle, your plants get the building blocks they need to support lush growth of thick, juicy flowers.

You Get the Right Ingredients for Massive Flower Production

So amino acid building blocks are very useful for your plants, but it’s not like you can just throw any bloom booster at your plants and expect them to suddenly create bigger buds. You need to use Big Bud, because it has the correct amino acids presented in the right type, ratio and formulation.

BIG BUD IS THE KEY TO INCREASED PRODUCTION
“The problem was I hit a wall with production weight. My indoor garden had the best high intensity lighting and climate control, but I topped out at a certain yield and got stuck. I was trying all kinds of stuff but it didn’t work. I had almost given up on trying to increase my production. But when I stuck Big Bud into the bloom phase that’s when I saw what I was looking for and it was the key to increasing my production that I had been searching for.”
- Leonardo, from Barcelona, Spain
Bottom line is it’s vitally important for you to use Big Bud because it contains a broader range of the ideal, flower-boosting amino acids and other ingredients in the right ratios, and it contains the most effective forms of amino acids.

Big Bud accents your existing feed program and floral production when you add it to your existing nutrient program.

Hey, this isn’t just opinion: scientists and growers have tested Big Bud in laboratory testing and in gardens just like yours.

The absolute fact is that Big Bud outproduces all other bloom boosters and increases yield when added to all types of nutrient programs in all types of gardens.

Growers who’ve have done side by side plant testing report that Big Bud produces bigger flowers faster and better than any other bloom booster. Growers quickly switch from previous formulas to Big Bud after they’ve done side-by-side comparisons...because Big Bud is clearly the power-packed formula that makes flowers swell up so big.

Results Don’t Lie... Big Bud Contains All You Need for Larger Harvests

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That’s right, growers see Big Bud’s power when they weigh their harvests. And there’s a simple reason Big Bud works better than other bloom boosters. It’s because most other bloom boosters don’t have any amino acids. Or if they do, the amino acids aren’t the right type to give you the huge buds you want.

Most other bloom boosters only contain phosphorus and potassium, and they don’t even have those in the right ratios.

Big Bud works better than the rest because it was made after plant scientists did exclusive research in the types of gardens you grow in. They discovered the key amino acids and other nutrients and the right form of them that delivers massive harvests, and they put the best ingredients in Big Bud.

What’s more, Advanced Nutrients uses the most-expensive manufacturing processes because only those processes guarantee that Big Bud’s aminos are easily absorbed by your plants.

Even better, Big Bud contains the potent and easily absorbable “L” form amino acids, which is the most effective and hard to manufacture form of amino acids. The L-forms stimulate floral production better than all other forms of amino acids.

You can spend your whole life searching for another formula that contains all the amino acids that Big Buds contains…but you won’t find one. That’s because Big Bud is the only harvest booster that has the exclusive L-forms of Alanine, Arginine, Asparagine, Aspartic acid, Cysteine, Glutamic acid, Glutamine, Glycine, Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Proline, Serine, Threonine, Tryptophan, Tyrosine, and Valine.

Big Bud’s superior L forms of these amino acids feed floral growth and support plant health so your plants are stronger overall. That’s right-- Big Bud’s amino acids build plant immune systems and the actual infrastructure of plants so your plants are much stronger and much more productive.

MADE THE GROW ROOM PROBLEMS GO AWAY
“I guess maybe you’d say I don’t know what I’m talking about but I think that Big Bud is just as good at protecting plants as it is at making them grow bigger buds. Because I was having problems in my grow room with mildew and also sometimes the plants would crap out. But then when I used Big Bud the grow room problems went away not the least to say that also I got a lot more yield every cycle.”
- Patrick, from Dublin, Ireland
Big Bud’s immune boost makes plants better able to resist pests and disease so your bigger buds are growing on healthier plants that survive and thrive all the way to harvest.

Now You’ll Master the Flower Factory to get the Biggest Harvests Ever

Using Big Bud gives you a way to turn on your plant’s flower factory. That’s because it has the right amino acids. Among the 20 amino acids in Big Bud are flower-power superstars L-trytophan and L-cysteine.

High-level plant science research affirms that the L-trytophan, L-cysteine and Big Bud’s other L-aminos stimulate floral production while providing even more benefits.

That’s because Big Bud’s powerful L-acids infuse directly into the metabolic pathways that control flowering in your plants. What all this means is that Big Bud is the most immediate and effective way to get total control over your plants’ flower-making mechanisms and pump those flowers to the limit.

But that’s not all that Big Bud’s amino acids do. They also give your plants increased resistance to stress, disease, heat and disease. So although Big Bud is primarily famous for its unique ability to greatly increase flower size, it also gives you stronger, safer plants and better rewards for each crop cycle.

Along with this, Big Bud does something else that is very much valued by gardeners: it makes flowers form better, so flowers have more aroma, taste, color and attractive appearance.

Part of the reason for all these benefits is that Big Bud has ascorbic acid, phosphorus, fulvic acid and other rich ingredients that pump up plant health and floral production.

All these ingredients help your crop value, because flowers are valued not just for their size, but for the way they look and smell.

Because Big Bud provides ingredients that fuel and support the flower-building metabolism, nutrient intake, root function, and floral structures in your plants at a cellular level, you get larger, higher-value flowers.

"My garden is massive with Big Bud" Listen to how it works

 
As an added benefit, Big Bud feeds your plants carbohydrates, so your plants have enough energy to use the aminos to produce huge flowers. Big Bud also gives your plants specialized forms of phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and sulphur…all of which are superfoods that stoke your plant’s floral production systems.

As you can see, it’s easy to understand why the world’s most successful and sophisticated hydroponics growers have given a hearty thumbs up to Big Bud. In opinion surveys, growers and hydroponics retailers consistently rate Big Bud as the top-producing, easiest to use, bud-boosting formula.

Hydroponics retailers attest that Big Bud is one of their top-selling products and that customers give them glowing reports of how it produces supersized flowers.

To add to these plusses, Big Bud speeds up flowering and makes plants create more budding sites. So you get more flowers and they mature earlier so you get more harvests of bigger flowers every year. That means more efficient use of your indoor hydroponics garden, electricity and other operating costs.

BIG BUD WINS SIDE BY SIDE GROW CONTEST
“I have a sealed grow room with C02, high intensity lighting augmented by LED’s, computerized climate control, and aeroponics. I keep detailed records of my nutrient inputs and my production. I tested your Big Bud against [competing products] and yours outproduced by as much as 37%. Now I use Big Bud for every flower cycle and get predictably great results.”
- Dr. K, from Volendam, The Netherlands
According to comparative testing and reports from hydroponics growers in all types of gardens, Big Bud is the best-yielding bloom additive on the market.

 
Big Bud’s custom-engineered formula is the only 100% guaranteed bloom formula with precision ratios of the most potent flower enhancers that produce bigger yields faster.

What’s more, Big Bud is really easy to use. All you do is add it to a comprehensive base fertilizer like Advanced Nutrients Connoisseur or Sensi Bloom Two-Part.

Unlike other bloom phase products, Big Bud is engineered to integrate perfectly with all existing feed programs and increases the effectiveness of your base fertilizers.

And unlike other bloom boosters, Big Bud is guaranteed to give an extra push to bloom production no matter what else you’re feeding your plants.

 

Big Bud is Engineered to Work Perfectly No Matter What Kind of Garden You Grow


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As an added bonus in versatility and flexibility, you can get Big Bud in liquid or powder, depending on what type of garden you’re growing.

This means your plants will suck down even more of Big Bud’s power-packed ingredients, and your irrigation system will function better.

I want to be sure you really pay attention to the relentless quality control and rigorous research that ensures Big Bud is the world’s premium additive for giving you more profitable harvests. Big Bud works well in any feed program and any type of garden. And it’s real easy to use.

Now look... maybe you think you’re getting good enough yields already. But hey, really, you can’t get too much of a good thing! Studies show Big Bud will greatly increase your yield no matter how good your plants are already doing, no matter what your gardening situation is like.

It’s great that you can now join tens of thousands of other growers who use Big Bud, and you’ll get bigger, better harvests no matter what crop you grow.

 

 

You’ll never see any other formula that gives you the very large harvests you get from Big Bud.

 

 

Big Bud is a unique, legendary, world-famous formula and it’s the most powerful bloom booster ever made.
Here’s the scientific proof:

 

PROOF DOSSIER ON BIG BUD
© 2008 Advanced Nutrients Research
International Hydroponics Research Team

Big Bud Increases Growth Processes In Flowering Plants:

Amino Acids (Tryptophan)
“The results of the growth studies suggest that tryptophan is also a precursor of IAA in soybean tissue. Tryptophan was active in promoting growth, as was indole which is a precursor of tryptophan.”
“Indoleacetic Acid Synthesis in Soybean Cotyledon Callus Tissue” in Plant Physiology. 1976. 57: 437-439

Amino Acids (Tryptophan)
“The labeling studies with tryptophan-'14C give direct evidence that tryptophan is converted to IAA in soybean tissue. The amount of conversion, based upon the IAA-'14C recovered, compares well to that found for Avena and bean (1). From the growth studies, it also appeared that exogenously supplied tryptophan is converted to IAA with an efficiency sufficient to allow growth about equal to IAA at 10-4 M.”
“Indoleacetic Acid Synthesis in Soybean Cotyledon Callus Tissuel” in Plant Physiology. 1976. 57: 437-439

Ascorbic Acid
It is a cofactor for a range of hydroxylase enzymes, for example prolyl and lysyl hydroxylases involved in hydroxyproline (HP) and hydroxylysine synthesis (Davies, Austin and Partridge, 1991). HP-rich glycoproteins, such as extensin, are cell wall structural proteins (Carpita and Gibeaut, 1993). Post-translational formation of prolyl residues in these proteins is an important use for intracellular ascorbate in growing cells (Liso et al., 1985). Ascorbate is also required, at least in vitro, by ethylene-forming enzyme.
“The Function and Metabolism of Ascorbic Acid in Plants” in Annals of Botany. 1996. 78: 661-669

Ascorbic Acid
There is also evidence that ascorbate or, more likely mono dehydroascorbate, MDHA, stimulates cell proliferation in animal cell cultures by shortening the cell cycle and stimulating entry into S phase (Navas and Gomez-Diaz, 1995).
“The Function and Metabolism of Ascorbic Acid in Plants” in Annals of Botany. 1996. 78: 661-669

Ascorbic Acid
MDHA generated from AA by AO in the apoplast, stimulates cell growth through enhanced vacuolization (Hidalgo et al., 1989) and ion uptake caused by depolarization of the plasma membrane. Moreover, DHA is considered to be responsible for cell enlargement by promoting cell wall loosening (Lin and Varner, 1991). Local auxin-mediated production of free radicals has also been shown to induce cell wall extension (Joo et al., 2001). Because AA is believed to be the most important antioxidant in the apoplast of leaves and stems, its destruction via AO may be important in facilitating cell expansion.
“The Function of Ascorbate Oxidase in Tobacco.” in Plant Physiology. 2003. 132(3): 1631–1641

Ascorbic Acid
Histochemical (i.e cell) staining with silver nitrate usually reveals high levels of ascorbate in meristems and ascorbate involvement in cell division has been suggested for both plant and animal cells. In plants, the evidence is based on the increased proportion of cells progressing to from G1 to S phase in onion root meristems and pericycle in response to exogenous ascorbate (Liso et al., 1988; Arrigoni et al., 1989; Innocenti et al., 1990; Arrigoni, 1994; Citterio et al., 1994). In onion roots, this causes a large decrease in the number of cells in the quiescent centre (QC) (Innocenti et al., 1990).
“The Function and Metabolism of Ascorbic Acid in Plants” in Annals of Botany. 1996. 78: 661-669

Ascorbic Acid
Ascorbate is transported via a carrier into the cell wall. Ascorbate oxidase (1) catalyses ascorbate oxidation and formation of monodehydroascorbate radical (MDA). MDA accepts electrons from a membrane-bound cytochrome b. Cytoplasmic ascorbate is a possible electron donor. Membrane depolarization, caused by transmembrane electron transport, stimulates H+-ATPase activity and leads to cell wall loosening. Ascorbate inhibits peroxidative cross-linking of wall polysaccharides and lignin polymerization by scavenging hydrogen peroxide and monolignol radicals. Dehydroascorbate (DHA) could react with amino acid side chains on wall polypeptides and prevent cross linking to matrix polysaccharides. DHA (or ascorbate) gives rise to oxalate which promotes wall loosening by binding calcium.
“The Function and Metabolism of Ascorbic Acid in Plants” in Annals of Botany. 1996. 78: 661-669

Ascorbic Acid
Recent evidence has provided an indication of the mechanism whereby ascorbic acid (AA) is involved in the regulation of growth (Pastori et al., 2003). Several lines of evidence also suggest ascorbate oxidase AO may be involved in this process. … AO transcripts are modified by auxin and SA in a manner consistent with effects on growth, and enhanced AO activity oxidizes the apoplastic AA pool and this can stimulate growth in certain conditions. Taken together, these observations demonstrate that AO activity can influence plant growth.
“The Function of Ascorbate Oxidase in Tobacco.” in Plant Physiology. 2003. 132(3): 1631–1641

Ascorbic Acid
Rock Cress plants that are genetically mutant, and can only make 30% of the normal amount of ascorbic acid, suffer terrible growth defects.
“Environmental Stress Sensitivity of an Ascorbic Acid-Deficient Arabidopsis Mutant” in Plant Biology. 1996. 93(18): 9970-9974

Fulvic Acid
Fulvic acid appears to cause the genetic mechanism of plants to function at a higher level. It has been concluded that any means by which plant cells are exposed to Fulvic acid can improve growth.
Fulvic Acid: The Miracle Molecule. Morningstar Minerals. 2004. p: 1-45

Phosphorus
When P is limiting, the most striking effects are a reduction in leaf expansion and leaf surface area, as well as the number of leaves. Shoot growth is more affected than root growth, which leads to a decrease in the shoot root dry weight ratio. Nonetheless, root growth is also reduced by P deficiency, leading to less root mass to reach water and nutrients.
“Functions of Phosphorus in Plants.” In Better Crops. 1999. 83(1): 6-7

Big Bud increases energy production for floral boosting

Ascorbic Acid
Ascorbate is well known as an in vitro electron donor for photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron transport. Recent evidence suggests that MDA [monodehydroascorbate] can act as an electron acceptor from PSII in vivo (Miyake and Asada, 1992) and that it could act as both electron donor and acceptor in transmembrane electron transport (Asard, Horemans and Caubergs, 1995).
“The Function and Metabolism of Ascorbic Acid in Plants” in Annals of Botany. 1996. 78: 661-669

Phosphorus
Phosphorus plays a vital role in virtually every plant process that involves energy transfer. High-energy phosphate, held as a part of the chemical structures of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and ATP, is the source of energy that drives the multitude of chemical reactions within the plant.
“Functions of Phosphorus in Plants.” In Better Crops. 1999. 83(1): 6-7

Ascorbic Acid
Ascorbate is transported via a carrier into the cell wall. Ascorbate oxidase (1) catalyses ascorbate oxidation and formation of monodehydroascorbate radical (MDA). MDA accepts electrons from a membrane-bound cytochrome b. Cytoplasmic ascorbate is a possible electron donor. Membrane depolarization, caused by transmembrane electron transport, stimulates H+-ATPase activity and leads to cell wall loosening. Ascorbate inhibits peroxidative cross-linking of wall polysaccharides and lignin polymerization by scavenging hydrogen peroxide and monolignol radicals. Dehydroascorbate (DHA) could react with amino acid side chains on wall polypeptides and prevent cross linking to matrix polysaccharides. DHA (or ascorbate) gives rise to oxalate which promotes wall loosening by binding calcium.
“The Function and Metabolism of Ascorbic Acid in Plants” in Annals of Botany. 1996. 78: 661-669

Ascorbic Acid
Ascorbate has a central role in photosynthesis, as the high concentration in chloroplasts would imply. It works in its three biochemical modes. Firstly it acts as an antioxidant by removing hydrogen peroxide (chloroplasts lack catalase) formed by oxygen photoreduction in PSI (Mehler reaction). This is catalysed by ascorbate peroxidase (AP), some of which is bound to thylakoids where it can scavenge hydrogen peroxide as it forms (Miyake and Asada, 1992). This sequence has been termed the Mehler peroxidase reaction (Neubauer and Yamamoto, 1992). Secondly, MDA, formed by AP can act as a direct electron acceptor to PSI (Miyake and Asada, 1992; Foyer and Lelandais, 1993). Thirdly, it is a cofactor for violaxanthin de-epoxidase. In bright light, or when low temperatures and drought limit carbon dioxide ®xation, the excess excitation energy is dissipated as heat by zeaxanthin in the light harvesting antennae. Zeaxanthin is formed by successive de-epoxidation of the xanthophyll cycle pigments violaxanthin and antheroxanthin. The deepoxidase, which is bound to the lumen side of the thylakoid membrane, is dependent on ascorbate as a cofactor (Neubauer and Yamamoto, 1992, 1993). Ascorbate thus contributes to electron flow and to formation of zeaxanthin, which acts as a photoprotectant.
“The Function and Metabolism of Ascorbic Acid in Plants” in Annals of Botany. 1996. 78: 661-669

Ascorbic Acid
O2 is reduced to O2- the acceptor side of PS I by the Mehler reaction (a rather slow reaction), then ascorbate is oxidized to AFR by O2- , a very fast spontaneous reaction which produces O22-(or peroxide). The peroxide oxidizes more ascorbate to AFR through the catalysis of ascorbate peroxidase, a thylakoid bound enzyme (Miyake and Asada 1992), and finally PS I reduces rapidly AFR (Forti and Ehrenheim 1993) and the electron transport is coupled to ATP synthesis with the same stoichiometry as in the case of NADP reduction (Forti and Elli 1995).
“Personal recollections of 40 years in photosynthesis research” in Photosynthesis Research. 1999. 60: 99–110

Big Bud supports roots for better nutrient absorption

Amino acids + mycorrhizae
“Twelve out of 13 Cyperaceae species examined in the current study were capable of absorbing soil amino acids in the non-mycorrhizal state.”
- grow in swampy environments, similar to hydroponics.
“Soil amino acid utilization among species of the Cyperaceae: Plant and Soil Processes” in Ecology. 1999. 80(70): 2408-2419

Amino acids + mycorrhizae
“Selection has favoured associations with fungal symbionts that are physiologically equipped to facilitate capture of these elements from their locally predominant organic sources.”
“Mycorrhizas and nutrient cycling in ecosystems – a journey towards relevance?” in New Phytologist. 2003. 157

Amino acids + mycorrhizae
“Ericoid mycorrhizas … improve nitrogen nutrition of many ericaceous plant species that typically occur in habitats with impoverished nutrient status, by releasing amino acids from organic N forms... Both the Vmax and Km parameters of amino acid uptake were affected by fungal colonization in a manner consistent with an increased availability of amino acid to the plant.”
- “Vmax” = how fast the amino acids are taken up by amino acid permease enzymes,
- “Km” = when the plant root enzymes reach their maximum amino acids uptake
“Calluna vulgaris root cells show increased capacity for amino acid uptake when colonized with the mycorrhizal fungus Hymenoscyphus ericae” in New Phytologist. 2002. 155(3): 525-530

Big Bud helps plants make the most of high-intensity lighting systems and keeps plants performing as if they are young and vigorous

Ascorbic Acid
In the apoplast, ascorbic acid is oxidized to monodehydroascorbate (MDHA) by the enzyme ascorbate oxidase (AO). MDHA is an unstable radical and rapidly disproportionates to yield DHA and AA. DHA is then transported into the cytosol through the plasma membrane by a specific carrier that preferentially translocates the oxidized form in exchange for the reduced form, ensuring a continuous flux of reducing power to the cell wall (Horemans et al., 2000).”
“The Function of Ascorbate Oxidase in Tobacco.” in Plant Physiology. 2003. 132(3): 1631–1641

Amino Acids (Cysteine)
“The level of glutathione has also been shown to correlate with the adaptation of plants to extremes of temperature, in the tolerance of plants to xenobiotics and to biotic and abiotic environmental stresses…….Not only are elevated levels of GSH correlated with environmental stress tolerance but, in addition, enhanced GSH synthesis appeared to be an intrinsic response of plants to stress.”
- plants make glutathione using cysteine and gylcine as an immediate response to environmental stress
“Glutathione homeostasis in plants: implications for environmental sensing and plant development” in Journal of Experimental Botany. 1998. 49(321): 649-667

Amino Acids (Cysteine)
“Glutathione (GSH; c-glutamylcysteinyl glycine) is an abundant and ubiquitous thiol with proposed roles in the storage and transport of reduced sulphur, the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids and as a modulator of enzyme activity.”
“Glutathione homeostasis in plants: implications for environmental sensing and plant development” in Journal of Experimental Botany. 1998. 49(321): 649-667

Ascorbic Acid
[Ascorbate] is a cofactor for violaxanthin de-epoxidase. In bright light, or when low temperatures and drought limit carbon dioxide fixation, the excess excitation energy is dissipated as heat by zeaxanthin in the light harvesting antennae. Zeaxanthin is formed by successive de-epoxidation of the xanthophyll cycle pigments violaxanthin and antheroxanthin. The de-epoxidase, which is bound to the lumen side of the thylakoid membrane, is dependent on ascorbate as a cofactor (Neubauer and Yamamoto, 1992, 1993). Ascorbate thus contributes to electron flow and to formation of zeaxanthin, which acts as a photoprotectant.
“The Function and Metabolism of Ascorbic Acid in Plants” in Annals of Botany. 1996. 78: 661-669

Ascorbic Acid
To further test the hypothesis that 03 sensitivity in Arabidopsis is influenced by ascorbic acid (AsA) concentration, this antioxidant was artificially elevated in sozl. Both wild-type and mutant plants were watered with H20 (control), AsA, or L-galactono- 1,4-lactone (a proposed AsA precursor). Forty-eight hours after this treatment plants were either harvested for AsA analysis or exposed to 03. Pretreatment with AsA or L-galactono- 1,4-lactone caused elevation ofAsA in both sozl and wild type (Fig. 4A) and this restored 03 resistance to sozl. This result further strengthens the hypothesis that the sozl 03 sensitivity is caused by an AsA deficit.
“Environmental Stress Sensitivity of an Ascorbic Acid-Deficient Arabidopsis Mutant” in Plant Biology. 1996. 93(18): 9970-9974

Ascorbic Acid
Apoplastic AA [ascorbic acid] is believed to represent the first line of defense against potentially damaging external oxidants such as ozone, SO2, and NO2 (Plo¨ chl et al., 2000; Barnes et al., 2002).
“The Function of Ascorbate Oxidase in Tobacco.” in Plant Physiology. 2003. 132(3): 1631–1641

Ascorbic Acid
[Ascorbate] acts as an antioxidant by removing hydrogen peroxide (chloroplasts lack catalase) formed by oxygen photoreduction in PSI (Mehler reaction). This is catalysed by ascorbate peroxidase (AP), some of which is bound to thylakoids where it can scavenge hydrogen peroxide as it forms (Miyake and Asada, 1992).
“The Function and Metabolism of Ascorbic Acid in Plants” in Annals of Botany. 1996. 78: 661-669

Ascorbic Acid
Ascorbate reacts rapidly with superoxide, singlet oxygen, ozone and hydrogen peroxide. It thus participates in removal of these reactive forms of oxygen which are generated during aerobic metabolism and during exposure to some pollutants and herbicides.
“The Function and Metabolism of Ascorbic Acid in Plants” in Annals of Botany. 1996. 78: 661-669

Amino Acids (Cysteine)
“[Glutathione’s] notable stability derives from the c-glutamyl linkage, whilst the strong nucleophilic nature of the central cysteine (i.e the sulphur atom) make it a powerful cellular reductant.”
“Glutathione homeostasis in plants: implications for environmental sensing and plant development” in Journal of Experimental Botany. 1998. 49(321): 649-667

Amino Acids (Cysteine)
“Reduced glutathione is one of the most efficient scavengers of peroxides arising as by-products of cellular metabolism or during oxidative stress. Since the potential for oxidative stress is permanent and inescapable, the evolution of aerobic life-forms has been to a large extent dependent upon the conservation of efficient antioxidant defences. The efficiency with which the oxidized dithiol (GSSG) can be converted back to GSH during the reductive inactivation of peroxides contributes to the centrality of GSH in antioxidant defences. A dependence upon a molecule as versatile as GSH probably underlies its ubiquity, and … its conservation since the origin of aerobic life may explain the diversity of functions to which it has been recruited.”
“Glutathione homeostasis in plants: implications for environmental sensing and plant development” in Journal of Experimental Botany. 1998. 49(321): 649-667

Big Bud supports protein and alkaloid synthesis for better growth, weight, and resin production so flowers have improved scent, taste, and appearance

Potassium
Appropriate K fertilization practices were more beneficial to isoflavone concentrations than changes in other management factors such as tillage systems and row widths.
“Potassium Fertilization Effects on Isoflavone Concentrations in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]” in Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry. 2002. 50: 3501-3506
Isoflavones are a group of phytochemicals … that are thought to contribute to the healthful effects of soybean in human and animal diets. Researchers have found that the potential role of soybean-based foods in prevention of chronic diseases including cancer, heart disease, osteoporosis, and menopausal symptoms (1-3) is promising because isoflavones in soybean seeds possess functions of antiestrogens (4, 5), antioxidants (6), and tyrosine protein kinase inhibitors (7).
“Potassium Fertilization Effects on Isoflavone Concentrations in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]” in Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry. 2002. 50: 3501-3506
Magnesium
Treatment of both whole plants and detached flower buds grown at elevated temperatures in the presence of magnesium salts, increased flower anthocyanin concentration by up to 80%. … The results of this study show that increasing magnesium levels in aster petals prevents the deleterious effect of elevated temperatures on anthocyanin accumulation, thus enhancing flower colour
“Increased anthocyanin accumulation in aster flowers at elevated temperatures due to magnesium treatment” In Physiologia Plantarum. 2002. 114(4): 559-565

Provides all 20 essential amino acids in their active form to allow full speed protein production and a faster switch to flowering

Amino Acids
“Plants take up nitrogen nutrient via roots, mainly in the form of inorganic nitrogen such as and . Once taken up into the plant body, is reduced to organic nitrogen, mainly amino acids, and translocated to the other tissues via phloem and xylem. However, plants may also take up amino acids directly from the soil (Näsholm and Persson, 2001).”
“Root phloem-specific expression of the plasma membrane amino acid proton co-transporter AAP3” in Journal of Experimental Botany. 2004. 55(406): 2155-2168

Amino Acids
“Since relatively high concentrations of amino acids are present in both phloem ( 10–1 M) and xylem sap ( 10–2 M), they are thought to be the major transported forms of organic nitrogen in most plant species. …the amino acid content of phloem and xylem sap seems to be tightly regulated under various conditions to meet the nitrogen requirements of different tissues (Lam et al., 1995).”
“Root phloem-specific expression of the plasma membrane amino acid proton co-transporter AAP3” in Journal of Experimental Botany. 2004. 55(406): 2155-2168

Amino Acids
“Amino acid distribution requires a number of membrane transport steps along the translocation pathway. Amino acids have to cross the plasma membrane when taken up from the soil into root cells.”
“Root phloem-specific expression of the plasma membrane amino acid proton co-transporter AAP3” in Journal of Experimental Botany. 2004. 55(406): 2155-2168

Amino Acids
“Besides intercellular amino acid transport, translocation processes also occur between intracellular compartments such as chloroplasts, mitochondria, cytosol, and vacuoles during the processes of synthesis and storage. In fact, vacuolar / lysosomal amino acid transporters have been identified”
“Root phloem-specific expression of the plasma membrane amino acid proton co-transporter AAP3” in Journal of Experimental Botany. 2004. 55(406): 2155-2168

Amino Acids
“Early physiological studies of amino acid transport in plants suggested the existence of several amino acid carriers exhibiting broad substrate specificity and being energized by cotransport with protons... Recent analysis of the Arabidopsis genome revealed that at least 53 putative amino acid carriers are present at the plasma membrane and tonoplast (Wipf et al., 2002).”
“Root phloem-specific expression of the plasma membrane amino acid proton co-transporter AAP3” in Journal of Experimental Botany. 2004. 55(406): 2155-2168

Amino Acids
“Among the plant amino acid carriers, the AAPs (amino acid permeases) are the best characterized so far. ... AAP3, the only AAP expressed to high levels preferentially in roots and which transports neutral and basic amino acids … is presented.”
“Root phloem-specific expression of the plasma membrane amino acid proton co-transporter AAP3” in Journal of Experimental Botany. 2004. 55(406): 2155-2168

Amino Acids
“Most alkaloids are derived through the decarboxylation of amino-acid precursors (i.e. ornithine, lysine, tyrosine, tryptophan, and histidine) to yield their respective amines, or from anthranilic acid or nicotinic acid. The ability of plants to couple amines (i.e. amino acids) to different chemical partners produces a restricted number of versatile chemical backbones (i.e. central intermediates) from which the diversity of alkaloids is produced.”
“The expanding universe of alkaloid biosynthesis” in Current Opinion in Plant Biology. 2001. 4(3): 225-233

Fulvic Acid
Fulvic acid readily complexes with minerals and metals making them available to plant roots and easily absorbable through cell walls. ... Fulvic acid also dissolves and transports vitamins, coenzymes, auxins, hormones, and natural antibiotics that are generally found throughout the soil, making them available. These substances are effective in stimulating even more vigorous and healthy growth.
Fulvic Acid: The Miracle Molecule. Morningstar Minerals. 2004. p: 1-45

 

 

 


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